Ways to reduce noise pollution

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A Noise Tax


The implementation of a noise tax would do many things effecting the problem. Firstly, it would make airline tickets more expensive, the airline companies would have to pass on the extra cost to the passengers. In turn the demand for the tickets would decrease (as shown in diagram 1.1). This leads to a decrease in the number of flights supplied by the airlines and the number of planes in the air.


However, there is a down side from the reduction of passenger numbers. Tourists may no longer wish to travel to that particular city, as the cost of the ticket is too high. This leads to a drop in the number tourists and the money spent by them in the city.


The government is faced with an “opportunity cost”. Opportunity cost is essentially the idea that if we choose one thing, it means that we have to give up something else. The cost can be measured in dollars, votes or even time! In this case, if the government decides that a noise tax is the way to go for reducing noise pollution it will keep the green groups happy but will forgo the benefits of the tourist dollar.


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Benefits increased green vote, revenue received from tax


Costs decreased tourist dollar


Sound insulation for homes


Another method the government may use is installing equipment to reduce noise levels in people’s homes that are effected by the noise from the planes. This could involve roofing insulation and double/triple glazed windows and doors. This has no effect on the number of plans in the air but has significant cost if many homes are effected. Trudgett, (18) identified that up to 4000 people could be affected from the construction of an airport at Badgerys Creek in Sydney goes ahead.


Benefits Increased votes from people effected


Costs Funds needed to carry out insulation


Move the Airport


The government could actually construct a whole new airport away from major built up areas (perhaps off shore and use buses). This would reduce several negative externalities such as noise pollution (the number people affected could be minimal) and the number of people on the ground been killed as a result from a crash would decease.


Benefits Reduction in negative externalities


Costs large costs associated with construction, money could be spent elsewhere


Other idea’s


There are several other ideas that may result in the reduction of noise pollution.


Altering flight paths Establishment of aerial routes that minimise the number of homes/people effected.


Curfews Restricting the times that planes are able to operate so the noise influences less people, for example during office hours while people are at work and not in their homes.


Aircraft Restrictions Limiting the types of planes that are allowed to use the airport for example banning concord jets


Conclusion


While all methods listed here may go some way in reducing noise pollution the government’s decision would no doubt be influenced by the political climate. If votes weren’t a consideration then the cheapest alternative would be considered. However if there is an election coming up then this decision maybe different as the lost votes could mean the difference in winning or loosing.





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