Thursday, March 15, 2012

lab

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Lab 8 � Types of Chemical Reactions


Purpose To observe some chemical reactions and identify reactions and products of those reactions. Classify the reactions and write balanced equations.


Equipment


Test tube rack Test tube holder


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Crucible tongs 6 test tubes


Chemical scoop Burner


Laboratory balance Safety goggles


Wood splints Evaporating Dish


Materials


Zinc, Mossy (Zn) 1.0 M copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4)


Magnesium ribbon, 5 cm (Mg) 0.1 M Zinc Acetate (Zn(CHO))


Copper (II) carbonate (CuCO) 6 M Hydrochloric acid (HCI)


0.1 M Sodium Phosphate Tribasic (NaPO4) NaCl solution


0.1 M Silver Nitrate (AgNO)


Procedure


Synthesis


1. Place an evaporating dish neat the base of a burner. Examine the piece of magnesium ribbon. Using crucible tongs, hold the sample in the burner flame until the magnesium starts to burn. When the ribbon stops burning, put the remains in the evaporating dish. Examine this product carefully.


Decomposition


. Place two heaping scoops of copper (II) carbonate (CuCO) in a clean, dry test tube. Note the appearance of the sample.


. Using a test tube holder, heat the CuCO strongly for about minutes. Extinguish the flame and then insert a burning wood splint into the test tube. If carbon dioxide gas (CO) is present, it will put the flame out. Note any change in the appearance of the residue in the test tube.


Single Replacement


4. Stand a clean, dry test tube in the test tube rack. Add about 5mL of 6 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) to the tube. Carefully drop a small piece of zinc into the acid in the test tube. Observe and record what happens.


5. Using a test tube holder, invert a second test tube over the mouth of the test tube in which the reaction is taking place. Remove the inverted test tube after about 0 seconds and quickly insert a burning wood splint into the mouth of the tube. A “pop” indicates the presence of hydrogen gas. Note the appearance of the substance in the reaction test tube.


6. Add about 5 mL of 1 M copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4) solution to a clean, dry test tube. Place a small amount of zinc metal in the solution. Note the appearance of the solution and the zinc before and after the reaction.


Double Replacement


7. Add about mL of 0.1 M zinc acetate (Zn(CHO)) to a clean, dry test tube. Next, add about mL of 0.1 M sodium phosphate tribasic (NaPO4) solution to the test tube. Observe what happens and note any changes in the mixture.


8. Add about mL of Na Cl solution to a clean, dry test tube. Next, add about mL of 0.1 M silver nitrate (AgNO) solution to the test tube. Observe what happens and note any changes in the mixture.


Observations/Data


Synthesis


I start started out with a piece of magnesium ribbon. It was silver in color. It


burned very bright. The remains were a white ash.


Decomposition


The copper (II) carbonate (CuCO) was a green powder. When being


heated, it began to bubble and turn darker in color. In the end, it was a black powder. When I put the burning wood splint into the test tube, the flame went out. This means there is carbon dioxide gas (CO) present.


Single Replacement


When I put a piece of zinc into the test tube of hydrochloric acid (HCl), it began to bubble. The hydrochloric acid began to turn gray and smoke rose from the tube. The zinc broke up. When I put a match by the tube collecting the smoke, I heard a loud pop, which indicated the presence of hydrogen gas.


I put zinc, a gray solid, into a test tube of copper (II) sulfate (CuSO4), a blue liquid. After a while, the zinc began to turn copper colored then became copper. The liquid, now zinc sulfate, is a lighter blue.


Double Replacement


I put Zinc Acetate (Zn(CHO)) and Sodium Phosphate Tribasic (NaPO4), both clear liquids, into a test tube. When mixed, a white cloud appeared.


I put NaCl solution and Silver Nitrate (AgNO), both clear liquids, into a test tube. When mixed, a white cloud appeared.


Calculations


Discussion/Conclusions


To identify hydrogen gas, I placed a match near the tube that was collecting smoke in the single replacement experiment. A loud pop was heard which indicated the presence of hydrogen gas.


To know weather or not a single replacement reaction will occur


To know if a double replacement reaction will occur





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